Defense and Transport applications can be very demanding, requiring highly accurate solutions. The examples shown include magnetic signatures of ships, magnetic braking, linear motors, and non-destructive testing.

Linear Motors

To compute the accelerating forces and induced eddy currents where linear motion is present, a specialised solver is developed. The package Opera-2d/lm is designed specifically for linear motor analysis.

Electromagnetic Braking

Induced eddy currents can be used as an effective braking system. For 2D devices (including axi-symmetric), the Opera-2d/ac, vl, rm and lm packages can be used to analyse the effectiveness of the brake. If the device is fully 3D, then the packages Opera-3d/Elektra or Opera-3d/Carmen must be used.

Actuators / Sensors

Actuators and sensors can be modeled to determine the field distribution, and the forces on the active elements.

NDT (Non Destructive Testing)

For crack and defect detection, NDT techniques based on electric and magnetic fields are often used. Eddy current NDT makes use of the Opera-2d/ac module if a 2D analysis is sufficient. For full 3D analysis, Opera-3d/Elektra can be used effectively.

Magnetic Signatures

Residual and induced magnetic fields in ships are unwanted features. Design of sophisticated counter measures is required to eliminate their effects, and complex analysis using OPERA-3d is necessary.

Radar Cross Section (RCS)

The Concerto analysis module Clasp is ideally suited to RCS calculations. Only the model surface is modeled (using triangles), without the need to model free space. Monostatic RCS calculations are optimized within the Post-Processor.